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Regarding drug interactions, what specific effect does rifampin have on hormonal contraceptives?
Decreases their efficacy
Increases their efficacy
Changes their metabolism
No effect
The correct answer is: Decreases their efficacy
Rifampin is known to induce liver enzymes, particularly cytochrome P450 enzymes, which can lead to the increased metabolism of hormonal contraceptives. This increased metabolism can result in decreased blood levels of the hormonal contraceptives, ultimately reducing their efficacy. It is essential to advise patients using hormonal contraceptives and rifampin concurrently to consider additional or alternative contraceptive methods to ensure effectiveness.