NAPLEX (North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination) Practice Exam

What is a preferred treatment for hypotonic hypervolemic hyponatremia?

1. Fluid overload

2. Fluid restriction and diuresis

3. Increasing sodium intake

4. Blood transfusions

The correct answer is: Fluid restriction and diuresis

Hypotonic hypervolemic hyponatremia is a condition characterized by decreased sodium levels and increased fluid volume. A preferred treatment for this condition is fluid restriction and diuresis, as this can help to correct the electrolyte imbalance by reducing fluid volume and restoring normal sodium levels. Options A and D, fluid overload and blood transfusions respectively, are incorrect because they would contribute to further fluid retention and potentially worsen the hyponatremia. Option C, increasing sodium intake, may seem like a logical solution, but it can actually be dangerous as it can lead to rapid correction of sodium levels and potentially cause adverse effects. Therefore, fluid restriction and diuresis are the preferred treatments for hypotonic hypervolemic hyponatremia.